Kamano pakeng tsa Liprotheine, Li-peptide le Li-Amino Acids
Liprotheine: Limolek'hule tse sebetsang tse entsoeng ke ketane e le 'ngoe kapa tse ngata tsa polypeptide tse menehang ka har'a meaho e itseng ea mahlakore a mararo ka li-helice, maqephe, jj.
Liketane tsa Polypeptide: Limolek'hule tse kang ketane tse entsoeng ka li-amino acid tse peli kapa ho feta tse hokahantsoeng ke litlamo tsa peptide.
Li-amino acid: Meralo ea motheo ea liprotheine; ho na le mefuta e fetang 20 tlhahong.
Ka bokhutšoanyane, liprotheine li entsoe ka liketane tsa polypeptide, tseo ka lehlakoreng le leng li entsoeng ka li-amino acid.
Mokhoa oa ho Sila le ho Monya Protheine Liphoofolong
Kalafo ea pele ho molomo: Lijo lia senyeha ka ho hlafuna ka hanong, e leng se eketsang sebaka sa tšilo ea lijo bakeng sa enzymatic. Kaha molomo o haelloa ke lienzyme tsa tšilo ea lijo, mohato ona o nkoa e le tšilo ea lijo ea mechine.
Ho senyeha ha pele ka mpeng:
Ka mora hore diprotheine tse arohaneng di kene ka mpeng, asiti ya mpa e a di ntsha, e pepesa dibofo tsa peptide. Ebe Pepsin e qhaqha diprotheine ka enzymatic hore e be di-polypeptide tse kgolo tsa dimolek'hule, tseo hamorao di kenang mala a manyane.
Tšilo ea lijo ka maleng a manyane: Trypsin le chymotrypsin ka maleng a manyane li boetse li arola li-polypeptide hore e be li-peptide tse nyane (li-dipeptide kapa li-tripeptide) le li-amino acid. Tsena li monngoa ka har'a lisele tsa mala ka litsamaiso tsa ho tsamaisa li-amino acid kapa tsamaiso ea ho tsamaisa li-peptide tse nyane.
Phepong ea liphoofolo, likarolo tse nyenyane tse nang le protheine e chelated le likarolo tse nyane tse nang le peptide e chelated li ntlafatsa ho fumaneha ha likarolo tse nyenyane ka chelation, empa li fapana haholo ka mekhoa ea tsona ea ho monya, botsitso le maemo a sebetsang. Tse latelang li fana ka tlhahlobo e bapisang ho tsoa likarolong tse 'ne: mokhoa oa ho monya, litšobotsi tsa sebopeho, litlamorao tsa ts'ebeliso, le maemo a loketseng.
1. Mokhoa oa ho Monya:
| Letšoao la Papiso | Lintho tse Latelang tse nang le protheine e chesitsoeng | Dielemente tse Nyenyane tse nang le Peptide e Chelehileng |
|---|---|---|
| Tlhaloso | Li-chelate li sebelisa liprotheine tsa macromolecular (mohlala, protheine ea limela e nang le hydrolyzed, protheine ea whey) e le bajari. Li-ion tsa tšepe (mohlala, Fe²⁺, Zn²⁺) li theha maqhama a hokahana le lihlopha tsa carboxyl (-COOH) le amino (-NH₂) tsa masala a amino acid. | E sebelisa li-peptide tse nyane (tse entsoeng ka li-amino acid tse 2-3) e le bajari. Li-ion tsa tšepe li theha li-chelate tse chitja tse nang le litho tse hlano kapa tse tšeletseng tse tsitsitseng haholoanyane ka lihlopha tsa amino, lihlopha tsa carboxyl, le lihlopha tsa ketane ea lehlakore. |
| Tsela ea ho Monya | E hloka ho qhaqhoa ke liprotheine (mohlala, trypsin) ka maleng ho ba li-peptide tse nyane kapa li-amino acid, e leng se lokollang li-ion tsa tšepe tse chelated. Li-ion tsena li kena maling ka ho hasana ho sa sebetseng kapa ka ho tsamaisoa ka mafolofolo ka likanale tsa li-ion (mohlala, li-transporter tsa DMT1, ZIP/ZnT) liseleng tsa epithelial tsa mala. | E ka monngoa e le chelate e sa senyehang ka ho toba ka peptide transporter (PepT1) liseleng tsa epithelial tsa mala. Ka hare ho sele, li-ion tsa tšepe li lokolloa ke li-enzyme tsa ka hare ho sele. |
| Meeli | Haeba ts'ebetso ea li-enzyme tsa tšilo ea lijo e sa lekana (mohlala, liphoofolong tse nyane kapa tlas'a khatello ea maikutlo), katleho ea ho robeha ha protheine e tlase. Sena se ka lebisa ho sitisoeng pele ho nako ha sebopeho sa chelate, e leng se lumellang li-ion tsa tšepe ho tlamahanngoa ke lintlha tse khahlanong le phepo e nepahetseng joalo ka phytate, e leng se fokotsang ts'ebeliso. | E feta thibelo ea tlholisano ea mala (mohlala, ho tsoa ho phytic acid), 'me ho monya ha ho itšetlehe ka ts'ebetso ea enzyme ea tšilo ea lijo. E loketse haholo liphoofolo tse nyane tse nang le litsamaiso tsa tšilo ea lijo tse sa holang kapa liphoofolo tse kulang/tse fokolang. |
2. Litšobotsi tsa Sebopeho le Botsitso:
| Tšobotsi | Lintho tse Latelang tse nang le protheine e chesitsoeng | Dielemente tse Nyenyane tse nang le Peptide e Chelehileng |
|---|---|---|
| Boima ba limolek'hule | E kholo (5,000~20,000 Da) | E nyane (200~500 Da) |
| Matla a Chelate Bond | Litlamo tse ngata tsa likhokahano, empa sebopeho se rarahaneng sa limolek'hule se lebisa botsitsong bo itekanetseng ka kakaretso. | Sebopeho se bonolo sa peptide se kgutshwane se dumella ho thehwa ha meaho ya lesale e tsitsitseng haholoanyane. |
| Bokhoni ba ho thibela tšitiso | E ka susumetsoa ke asiti ea mpa le ho feto-fetoha ha pH ea mala. | Ho hanyetsa asiti le alkali ka matla; botsitso bo phahameng tikolohong ea mala. |
3. Litlamorao tsa Ts'ebeliso:
| Sesupo | Li-Chelate tsa Protheine | Li-Chelate tse Nyenyane tsa Peptide |
|---|---|---|
| Ho fumaneha ha lintho tse phelang | E itshetlehile ka mosebetsi wa dienzyme tsa tshilo ya dijo. E sebetsa hantle diphoofolong tse kgolo tse phetseng hantle, empa bokgoni bo fokotseha haholo diphoofolong tse nyane kapa tse nang le kgatello ya maikutlo. | Ka lebaka la tsela e tobileng ea ho monya le sebopeho se tsitsitseng, bioavailability ea likarolo tse nyenyane e phahame ka 10% ~ 30% ho feta ea chelate ea protheine. |
| Katoloso e sebetsang | Tshebetso e fokolang haholo, haholo-holo e sebetsa e le bajari ba likarolo tse nyenyane. | Li-peptide tse nyane ka botsona li na le mesebetsi e kang taolo ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung le ts'ebetso ea antioxidant, e fanang ka litlamorao tse matla tsa tšebelisano-'moho ka likarolo tse latelang (mohlala, Selenomethionine peptide e fana ka tlatsetso ea selenium le mesebetsi ea antioxidant). |
4. Maemo a Loketseng le Mehopolo ea Moruo:
| Sesupo | Lintho tse Latelang tse nang le protheine e chesitsoeng | Dielemente tse Nyenyane tse nang le Peptide e Chelehileng |
|---|---|---|
| Liphoofolo tse Loketseng | Liphoofolo tse hōlileng tse phetseng hantle (mohlala, likolobe tse qetang ho behela, likhoho tse behelang) | Liphoofolo tse nyenyane, liphoofolo tse tlas'a khatello ea maikutlo, mefuta e mengata ea metsing e behang haholo |
| Litšenyehelo | Tlase (thepa e tala e fumaneha habonolo, ts'ebetso e bonolo) | Hodimo (theko e phahameng ya tlhahiso le tlhoekiso ya peptide e nyane) |
| Tšusumetso ea Tikoloho | Likarolo tse sa monngoang li ka ’na tsa ntšoa ka har’a mantle, e leng se ka ’nang sa silafatsa tikoloho. | Sekhahla se phahameng sa tšebeliso, kotsi e tlase ea tšilafalo ea tikoloho. |
Kakaretso:
(1) Bakeng sa diphoofolo tse nang le ditlhoko tse phahameng tsa dielemente tse ka morao le bokgoni bo fokolang ba tšilo ya dijo (mohlala, dikolobe tse nyane, ditsuonyana, diboko tsa shrimp), kapa diphoofolo tse hlokang ho lokiswa kapele ha diphoso, di-chelate tse nyane tsa peptide di kgothaletswa e le kgetho ya pele.
(2) Bakeng sa lihlopha tse nang le ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea tšilo ea lijo (mohlala, liphoofolo tse ruuoang le likhoho tse qetellong ea mohato oa ho qetela), likaroloana tse nang le protheine li ka khethoa.
Nako ea poso: Pulungoana-14-2025
